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Thread: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

  1. #11
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    Re: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

    Namasté,

    A worthy subject! Omkara, thank you for starting this thread and for the copious information provided.
    Quote Originally Posted by namahsivaya View Post
    Thank you for this. I also find Dr. David Frawley's proposition really interesting that Shiva is sort of like the modern evolved form of the vedic Indra.
    I have read in other sources that Kṛṣṇa may be considered the same, but I tend to hold with Dr. Frawley's view of Śiva and Indra. If you find the subject interesting, another article for your consideration is found
    here. (The author is of the Ārya Samāja, so his conclusions do not necessarily represent the mainstream Hindu perspective.)

    Indraneela
    ===
    Oṁ Indrāya Namaḥ.
    Oṁ Namaḥ Śivāya.

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    Re: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

    The bhargo in the gayatri mantra is Rudra,from the Maitrayani Upanishad(Sixth Prapathaka)-
    Now, ‘splendor’ (bharga).—

    Verily, he who is hidden in yonder sun is called ‘splendor,’ and the pupil in the eye, too! He is called ‘bhar-ga’ because with the light-rays (bhā) is his course (gati).

    Or, Rudra (the Terrible) is called ‘bharga’ because he causes to dry up (bharjayati)—say the expounders of Brahma.

    Now bha means that he illumines (bhāsayati) these worlds. ra means that he gladdens (rańjayati) beings here. ga means that creatures here go (gacchanti) into him and come out of him. Therefore, because of being bha-ra-ga, he is ‘bharga.’
    namastE astu bhagavan vishveshvarAya mahAdevAya tryaMbakAya|
    tripurAntakAya trikAgnikAlAya kAlAgnirudrAya nIlakaNThAya mRtyuJNjayAya sarveshvarAya sadAshivAya shrIman mAhAdevAya ||

    Om shrImAtrE namah

    sarvam shrI umA-mahEshwara parabrahmArpaNamastu


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  3. #13
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    Re: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

    Does anyone have a pdf of Griffith's translation of Atharva veda?The Sacred texts version requires me to open each verse separately,and I will never get my compilation complete this side of eternity.
    namastE astu bhagavan vishveshvarAya mahAdevAya tryaMbakAya|
    tripurAntakAya trikAgnikAlAya kAlAgnirudrAya nIlakaNThAya mRtyuJNjayAya sarveshvarAya sadAshivAya shrIman mAhAdevAya ||

    Om shrImAtrE namah

    sarvam shrI umA-mahEshwara parabrahmArpaNamastu


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    Re: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

    Quote Originally Posted by namahsivaya View Post
    Thank you for this. I also find Dr. David Frawley's proposition really interesting that Shiva is sort of like the modern evolved form of the vedic Indra.
    Rigveda (II.33.3) and Atharvaveda (IV.28.3; II.2.7; X.1.23) describe Rudra as a thousand-eyed God, a holder of vajra and a killer or Vritra, i.e. Indra.

    there are others too, but cant remember them offhand.
    namastE astu bhagavan vishveshvarAya mahAdevAya tryaMbakAya|
    tripurAntakAya trikAgnikAlAya kAlAgnirudrAya nIlakaNThAya mRtyuJNjayAya sarveshvarAya sadAshivAya shrIman mAhAdevAya ||

    Om shrImAtrE namah

    sarvam shrI umA-mahEshwara parabrahmArpaNamastu


    A Shaivite library
    http://www.scribd.com/HinduismLibrary

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    Re: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

    Jabala upanishad

    I-1. Brihaspati (the preceptor of the gods) asked (the sage) Yajnavalkya: (Which is) the Kurukshetra, (the famous holy place that destroys sins and protects the good, (the place) where the gods perform sacrifices and which is the abode of Brahman in all beings ? (Yajnavalkya replied): Avimukta is the Kurukshetra, (the place) where the gods perform sacrifices to deities and which is the abode of Brahman in all beings (i.e. the middle of the eye-brows). Hence wherever one goes one shall think thus: This is the Kurukshetra, the place where the gods perform sacrifices to the deities and which is the abode of Brahman in all beings. This is the spot where, when the vital airs depart from the living person, Rudra imparts the mantra (Taraka Brahman) to him by which, becoming immortal, he attains liberation (final beatitude). Hence one shall resort to the Avimukta; shall not desert the Avimukta. (Brihaspati approved of the statement saying): ‘So it is, Yajnavalkya’, verily it is so, O, revered one ! ‘It is so Yajnavalkya’

    III-1. Then the discipline students (Brahmacharins of Yajnavalkya) asked him: ‘Pray, tell us, what is that mantra by reciting which one attains immortality ?’ He replied: ‘By (reciting) Satarudriya’. These mantras are indeed the names of (Rudra to achieve) immortality. By (reciting) these (mantras) one becomes immortal.
    namastE astu bhagavan vishveshvarAya mahAdevAya tryaMbakAya|
    tripurAntakAya trikAgnikAlAya kAlAgnirudrAya nIlakaNThAya mRtyuJNjayAya sarveshvarAya sadAshivAya shrIman mAhAdevAya ||

    Om shrImAtrE namah

    sarvam shrI umA-mahEshwara parabrahmArpaNamastu


    A Shaivite library
    http://www.scribd.com/HinduismLibrary

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    Re: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

    Atharvashiras Upanishad

    Om ! O Devas, may we hear with our ears what is auspicious; May we see with our eyes what is auspicious, O ye worthy of worship ! May we enjoy the term of life allotted by the Devas, Praising them with our body and limbs steady ! May the glorious Indra bless us ! May the all-knowing Sun bless us ! May Garuda, the thunderbolt for evil, bless us ! May Brihaspati grant us well-being ! Om ! Let there be Peace in me ! Let there be Peace in my environment ! Let there be Peace in the forces that act on me !

    Om Shanti ! Shanti ! Shanti !

    [In the Atharvasiras Upanishad, the three syllable letter, which has meaning and also does not have meaning and which is perennial stands alone. It is told that it is the basis of everything and there is no basis for it.]

    1. The devas with their upturned hands extended upwards pray to Rudra.

    Om! He who is Rudra, he alone is god. He is Brahma and we salute him again and again.
    He who is Rudra, he alone is god. He is Vishnu and we salute him again and again.
    He who is Rudra, he alone is God. He is truth and we salute him again and again.
    He who is Rudra, he alone is God. He is everything and we salute him again and again.

    3-1 Earth is your feet. The Bhuvar Loka (one of the seven worlds above earth) is your middle. And the Suvar Loka (another world above earth) is your head. You are of the form of the universe. You who are Brahma appear united also divided in to two, and divided in to three and appear as if you are beyond all relations (attachments). You are peace. You are vigour. You are that which is offered in fire and that which is not offered in fire. You are that which is given in charity and that which is not given. You are everything and also nothing. You are the entire universe and you are not. You are that which is done and that which is not done. You are that which is at the top and that which is at the bottom. And you are the home for all beings.

    3-2 Deeply drinking the somapana (a holy drink) of your grace we have become deathless. We have reached the ultimate. We have seen the devas. Who can cause any harm to us? We humans do not have any shortage of that nectar (your grace).

    3-3 You who are primeval are older than the sun and the moon.

    3-4 For the sake of this world, this deathless primeval being, catches hold of this world which is created by Prajapathi and which is minute and peaceful, without touching it and attracts its shape of things by shape, peacefulness by peace, minuteness by minuteness and airy nature by its airy nature and swallows it. Salutations and salutations to that great swallower.

    3-5 Those gods who reside in the heart reside in the soul of the heart. And you who live in that heart are beyond the triad nature. [The three letters Aa, Uu and ma or three states viz. wakefulness, sleep and state of dream.]

    3-6 The head of “the sound of Om” is on your left side. Its feet are on your right side. That “Sound of Om” is the Pranava(primeval sound). That Pranava is spread everywhere. That which is everywhere is the greatest. That which is limitless, shines like a white star. That which is also called Shuklam (seminal fluid- the basic unit of life) is very very minute. That which is minute is like a lightning power. That which is like lightning power is the ultimate Brahman. That Brahman is one and only one. That one and only one is Rudra (loosely translated angry one), it is also Eeshana (the form of Lord Shiva with tuft and riding on a bull), it is also the ultimate God and it is also the lord of all things.

    4. Rudra is called the personification of Pranva because he sends the souls towards heaven, at the time of death (dissolution).

    He is called the “one who has the shape of Pranava “, because the Brahmins read and propagate the Rik, Yajur, Sama and Atharva Vedas only after reading “om”.

    He is called “all pervading “ because like oil in gingili (Til), he peacefully pervades all over the world and its beings, from top to bottom and from right to left.

    He is called “Anantha (endless)”, because his end is neither at the top nor bottom, nor right nor left.

    He is called “thara (protector)” because he protects one from the fear of life which consists of the fear of staying in the womb, fear at time of birth, fear from diseases, fear from old age and fear from death.

    He is called “Shukla (white/ seminal fluid) because by pronouncing his name we get rid of all pains.

    He is called “sookshma (minute)”, because he pervades in a minute form all over the body without touching any of the organs.

    He is called “vaidhyutha (electric)” because as soon as his name is pronounced , in the state of darkness where nothing is visible, the holy knowledge comes like a ray of lightning.

    He is called “Para Brahmam (the ultimate reality)", because though he is inside every thing, he is in and out of everything, he is the refuge of every thing and bigger than the big, he is inside every thing.

    He is called “Eka (single)” because he singly destroys everything and recreates everything.

    He is called “theertha (sacred water)” because he is the ultimate mingling of all sacred waters which are sought after, in the east, south, north ad west.

    He is “Eka (loner)” because he creates all beings and travels within them alone without any one realizing where he comes from and where he goes.

    He is “Rudra” because he is fast moving form is not understood by all but only by great sages and devotees.

    He is “Eeshana” because by his power for creation and upkeep and also because he rules over all devas (gods).

    Like approaching a cow for getting milk, we come to you. You are “Eeshana’ because Veda points you out as one who shows the heaven and one who rules over other Gods.

    You are also called “Maheswara (great lord)” because you bless your devotees by giving them knowledge, because you created words and brought out knowledge, and because you have forsaken everything and reached a highest state of existence through yoga and your grace.

    This is the story of Rudra.

    5.1 This god is the one who pervades in all directions. He is the one who came earlier than every thing. He is the one who is in the womb. He is the one who is in all the creatures which have come out till now and all those who are going to be created in future. He is also the one who sees the inside but the one who has a face which looks outside.

    5.2 Rudra is one and only one. There is none second to him. He rules all worlds by his power. He pervades fully in all beings. He is the one who, at the time of deluge, absorbs all beings. He is the one who creates all beings and upkeeps them.

    5.3 He alone exists, in all organs where birth takes place. He travels among all beings and is the reason for their existence. The seeker would get immeasurable peace by searching and surrendering to this god, who gives everything to the one who asks and who is praiseworthy.

    5.4 He converts fire, air, water, earth, ether and everything that exists here in to ash. He who sees this and mentally realizes it and observes the “penance to Pasupathi (Lord of all beings)” and who coats ash all over his body with this ash attains the state of Brahman. By worshipping “Pasupathi (lord of all beings)” like this, the ties of bondage of all beings get cut and they attain salvation.

    There is none greater than him, on whom all the worlds are strung like beads. Over ages, nothing so far where greater than him and nothing is going to be greater than him. He has thousands of legs but one and only one head. He pervades every where.

    From “Akshara (letter/language/ the deathless being)” time is created. From “time (ages) the “all pervasiveness” is created. This “all pervasiveness" is Rudra. Rudra destroys beings even when he is sleeping. From his “breath” is produced the “power of Thamas (darkness)”. From Thamas is created water. Mixing this water with finger makes it cold. By mixing the coolness the “foam” is produced. From that foam, the galaxy is produced.

    From the galaxy, Brahmam is produced. From Brahmam, air is produced. From air, “the sound of Om” is produced. From “the sound of Om”, Savithri is produced. From Savithri, Gayathri is produced and from Gayathri, all the worlds are produced. They who worship “penance” and “truth”, get permanent happiness. Worshipping that Brahmam, which is the mixture of light, water, essence and nectar, by chanting “om Bhoor bhuva swarom” is the greatest penance.

    Om ! O Devas, may we hear with our ears what is auspicious; May we see with our eyes what is auspicious, O ye worthy of worship ! May we enjoy the term of life allotted by the Devas, Praising them with our body and limbs steady ! May the glorious Indra bless us ! May the all-knowing Sun bless us ! May Garuda, the thunderbolt for evil, bless us ! May Brihaspati grant us well-being ! Om ! Let there be Peace in me ! Let there be Peace in my environment ! Let there be Peace in the forces that act on me !

    Here ends the Atharvasiras Upanishad, as contained in the Atharva Veda.
    namastE astu bhagavan vishveshvarAya mahAdevAya tryaMbakAya|
    tripurAntakAya trikAgnikAlAya kAlAgnirudrAya nIlakaNThAya mRtyuJNjayAya sarveshvarAya sadAshivAya shrIman mAhAdevAya ||

    Om shrImAtrE namah

    sarvam shrI umA-mahEshwara parabrahmArpaNamastu


    A Shaivite library
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  7. #17
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    Re: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

    http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/av/avbook15.htm

    A very interesting section from the Atharvaveda on how Rudra (here called Vratya,one of Shiva's names) created the universe.
    namastE astu bhagavan vishveshvarAya mahAdevAya tryaMbakAya|
    tripurAntakAya trikAgnikAlAya kAlAgnirudrAya nIlakaNThAya mRtyuJNjayAya sarveshvarAya sadAshivAya shrIman mAhAdevAya ||

    Om shrImAtrE namah

    sarvam shrI umA-mahEshwara parabrahmArpaNamastu


    A Shaivite library
    http://www.scribd.com/HinduismLibrary

  8. #18
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    Re: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

    It is mentioned in Jabala Upanishadthat
    "Brahmacharis said, tell us by repeating what, Amritatva will be for us? Upon which, Yajnavalkya answered, By repeating Satarudriya; these (contained in Satarudriya) are the names of Amrita, by (repeating) which one will become Amrita."
    So the names mentioned in Satarudriya are those of Siva (Amrita) which are the means of producing Amritatva (Sivatva). The word Amrita is found in the following Upanishads as the name of eternal Siva:-
    Isavasya II, 14.
    Kena, 2, Khanda 12, 13.
    Katha 5,8; 6.1, 14, 15, 17.
    Prasna 1.10; 2.5; 3.11, 12; 5.7; 6.5.
    Mundaka 1.2.11; 2, 2.2.5, 7,11; 3.2.9.
    Aitaraya 4.6; 5.4.
    Taittriya 1.6, 1,2; 3.10.3
    Chandogya 1.4.4, 5; 3.12.6; 4.15.1; 7.24.1; 8.3.4; 8.7.4; 8.8.3; 8.10.1; 8.11.1; 8.12.1; 8.14.1.
    Brihadaranya 4.4.2; 4.5, (1-14); 5.7. (3-23); 6.4.7, 17; 7.14.8.
    Kaushitaki 3.2, 8.
    Maitri 6.22, 24, 35.
    In Mandukya the word Siva is found in 7,12. Although the word Amrita means nectar, water, milk &c., in some other places, in the srutis quoted above it denotes Siva only.
    It is said in 14thAdhyaya of Jnanayoga Khanda of Sutasamhita,
    "Some skilled in Vedasiras call the besmearing the whole body with sacred ashes as Pasupata; others call it Sirovrata; others, Atyasrama; others, Vrata and Sambhava."
    That is: besmearing the body with the sacred ashes and repeating six mantras is called Pasupata in Atharvasiras; in Mundaka (3.2.10) Sirovrata; in Svetasvatara (6.2.1) and Kaivalya, Atyasrama; in Kalagnirudra, Vrata and Sambhava.
    The 17th mantra of Isavasya and Brihadaranya (7. 15.1) enjoin "Besmear the body with ashes repeating "Agni is the ashes, Vayu is the ashes, Jalam is the ashes" (i.e. adding the word Bhasma at the end of the words Anilam, Vayu, Amrita as in the order mentioned in Atharvasiras).
    The word Adhva (Katha 3.9) Soddhvanah paramapnoti tadvishnoh paramam padam is expounded in Vayusamhita (Part 1.25, Part II, 15) as six Adhvas i.e. Mantra, Varna, Pada, Bhuvana, Tatva and Kala Adhvas. In Tatva-Adhava only, there are thirty six principles or Tatvas (which contain twenty four Atma Tatvas of Prasna (4.8), Seven Vidya Tatvas of Svetasvatara (1.2), and five Siva Tatvas of Brihat-Jabala (4.19)
    namastE astu bhagavan vishveshvarAya mahAdevAya tryaMbakAya|
    tripurAntakAya trikAgnikAlAya kAlAgnirudrAya nIlakaNThAya mRtyuJNjayAya sarveshvarAya sadAshivAya shrIman mAhAdevAya ||

    Om shrImAtrE namah

    sarvam shrI umA-mahEshwara parabrahmArpaNamastu


    A Shaivite library
    http://www.scribd.com/HinduismLibrary

  9. #19
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    Re: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

    Atharvana Veda IV-28 :

    bhávāśarvau manvé vāṃ tásya vittaṃ yáyor vām idáṃ pradíśi yád virócate
    yā́v asyéśāthe dvipádo yáu cátuṣpadas táu no muńcatam áṃhasaḥ 1

    O Bhava and Sarva, I am devoted to you. Take note of that, ye under whose control, is all this which shines (the visible universe)! Ye who rule all these two-footed and four-footed creatures,Deliver us, ye twain, from grief and trouble.

    yáyor vadhā́n nā́papádyate káś canā́ntár devéṣūtá mā́nuṣeṣu
    yā́v asyéśathe dvipádo yáu cátuṣpadas táu no muńcatam áṃhasaḥ 5

    Ye from whose blows no one either among gods or men escapes; ye who rule all these twofooted and fourfooted creatures, deliver us from grief and trouble.

    krándāya te prāṇā́ya yā́ś ca te bhava rópayaḥ
    námas te rudra kr̥ṇmaḥ sahasrākṣā́yāmartya 3

    Reverence we offer, O Bhava, to thy roaring, to thy breath, and to thy injurious qualities; reverence to thee, O Rudra, thousand-eyed, immortal!

    táva cátasraḥ pradíśas táva dyáus táva pr̥thivī́ távedám ugrorv ŕntárikṣam
    távedáṃ sárvam ātmanvád yát prāṇát pr̥thivī́m ánu 10

    Thine, O strong god (ugra), are the four regions, thine the sky, thine the earth, and thine this broad atmosphere; thine is this all that has a spirit and has breath upon the earth.

    urúḥ kóśo vasudhā́nas távāyáṃ yásminn imā́ víśvā bhúvanāny antáḥ
    sá no mr̥ḍa paśupate námas te paráḥ kroṣṭā́ro abhibhā́ḥ śvā́naḥ paró yantv agharúdo vikeśyŕḥ 11

    Thine is this broad, treasure-holding receptacle within which all worlds are contained. Do thou spare us, O lord of cattle: reverence be to thee! Far from us shall go the jackals, evil omens, dogs; far shall go (the mourning women) who bewail rnisfortune with dishevelled hair!

    bhavó divó bhavá īśe pr̥thivyā́ bhavá ā́ papra urv ŕntárikṣam
    tásyai námo yatamásyāṃ diśī̀táḥ 27

    Bhava rules the sky, Bhava rules the earth; Bhava has filled the broad: atmosphere. Reverence be to him in whatever direction from here (he abides)!
    namastE astu bhagavan vishveshvarAya mahAdevAya tryaMbakAya|
    tripurAntakAya trikAgnikAlAya kAlAgnirudrAya nIlakaNThAya mRtyuJNjayAya sarveshvarAya sadAshivAya shrIman mAhAdevAya ||

    Om shrImAtrE namah

    sarvam shrI umA-mahEshwara parabrahmArpaNamastu


    A Shaivite library
    http://www.scribd.com/HinduismLibrary

  10. #20
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    Re: Lord Shiva in The Vedas

    A small note here-i have used four different rig veda translations rather than sticking to Griffith.
    namastE astu bhagavan vishveshvarAya mahAdevAya tryaMbakAya|
    tripurAntakAya trikAgnikAlAya kAlAgnirudrAya nIlakaNThAya mRtyuJNjayAya sarveshvarAya sadAshivAya shrIman mAhAdevAya ||

    Om shrImAtrE namah

    sarvam shrI umA-mahEshwara parabrahmArpaNamastu


    A Shaivite library
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