Re: Sanskrit meaning of the English word 'curse'?
hariḥ oṁ
~~~~~~
namasté
Fyi info only... it may be neither here nor there for one's interest ...
śap in and of itself is not ready ( as a verb) to be inserted into a sentence. We may consider it as a dhātu (root); we need to get it to limb format (aṇga) then add the proper terminations ( ending or tiṇ).
Why do I mention this ? If you are looking into the mahābhārata for this term ( other than prefix-use like śap-karoti , ‘he admits or accepts’) you will most likely find this term 'fully dressed' or with inflections (vyayavat).
So the question is, who is cursing (śapa = curse) ? Then the conjugation¹ (vācyatā) of this term is applied. I am cursing ? or you are ? they are ? they both are, those two are? they all are ? If I curse then śapāmi. If you curse , śapasi, if they curse śapati. If it were that easy then (I think) there would be more students of saṁskṛtam and the world would be a better place!
One also needs to consider upagraha ( or voice¹). Do I curse for the sake of myself (ātmanpada) or for the sake of another (parasmaipada); am I using active voice ? passive, or impersonal ? And then the application of kāla-s or tenses and moods¹. That is, am I curing now, or did I do this in the recent past or even a remote past? How am I cursing? As an imperative or command or as a conditional clause e.g. If you do this, then I will curse you. Or is this cursing a blessing (āśis) ?
As one can see there are many moving parts and is the tip of the iceberg as they say. This alone keeps me humbled as the śiṣyaḥ (student) of this discipline of grammar (vyākaraṇa) and my studies continue.
इतिशिवं
iti śivaṁ
words
- conjugation = the variation of the form of a verb, by which are identified the voice, mood, tense, number, and person.
- tenses and moods – two big groups: ārcadhātuka & ārdadhātuka. These types suggest how the roots (dhātu) are managed or modified before the final endings are added. The total group of 10 are called lakāra. There are 2010 others say there are a total of 2012 roots (dhātu) that are available in saṃskṛtam; they say only about 800 are used 80% of the time.
Last edited by yajvan; 18 September 2016 at 07:46 PM.
यतस्त्वं शिवसमोऽसि
yatastvaṁ śivasamo'si
because you are identical with śiva
_
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