Om Shirdi Sai Ram.
Namaste.

Shani (Saturn)
Astronomy:
Saturn is 886 million miles away from the Sun. It is smaller than Jupiter and its diameter is 75,000 miles. It has nine known satellites. Volume wise it is 700 times bigger than earth. But its mass is little less than 100times that of the earth. Saturn takes 29 ? year to go round the sun. Hence, on an average it stays in one Rashi for a period of 2 ? years.
Saturn is surrounded by a system of three concentric rings. These rings are separate and there is only black empty space in between any two rings. Saturn appears like a blue ball with 3 yellow rings.
Mythology:
Shani is the son of Sun and Chhaya. Saturn is a planet, which has been much, wronged and was cursed by his own wife and celestial mother Parvati. In fact after realizing her mistake Maa Parvati gave a boon to Saturn that no important event in the life of a person will occur unless Saturn gives his divine sanctity to that work either by transit or aspect to such relevant house.
He is the elder brother to Yama(the god of death) therefore he plays the role of Yama and can bring an end to life. Therefore, if a bad Dasha is running and at the same time there is an evil transit of Saturn and the age of death have come Saturn will definitely kill. But, Saturn also represents detachment. It has great spiritual value. No saint can take birth without a well-placed and strong Saturn.
Astrological Significance:
According to Uttara Kalamrita following are the signification of Saturn.
a) Ill health b) Obstructions c) Disease d) enmity e) sorrow f) Death g) Maid servant h) Asses i) Outcastes j) Longevity k) Eunuch l) Wind m) Old age n) Dirty cloth o) Black color p) Significator of father for those who are born in the night q) Shudras r) Brahman having Tamsik qualities s) Ugly hair t) Worship of Yama u) Looking downwards v) Telling lies w) Thefts and hard heartedness x) Oil y) Hunter z) Lameness
It is seen that a strong Saturn gives good results however if Saturn is weak it will cause deficiencies with respect to above mentioned significations.
Other Astrological Considerations:
Saturn owns two signs namely Makara and Kumbha. It is deeply exalted at 20 degrees in the Tula Rashi and is deeply debilitated at 20 degrees in the Mesha Rashi. Its Mooltrikona rashi is Kumbha. It is considered the Karaka (Significator) for grief.
In the planetary cabinet Saturn represents servants. It has a dark complexion. It is of neuter gender. It represents Air among the Panchbhootas or the five elements. It belongs to the Shudra Varna and has predominance of Tamsik Gunas.
Saturn has an emaciated and long physique, honey colored eyes, is windy in temperament, has big teeth, is indolent, lame and has coarse and rough hair. Saturn represents one year.
It represents astringent taste. It is strong in the western direction. It is friendly to Mercury and Venus. It is inimical to Sun, Moon and Mars. It considers Jupiter to be Neutral. Rahu and Ketu both regard Saturn as friend.