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Thread: Ancient Egyptian Religion

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    Ancient Egyptian Religion

    Hail!!!
    Since someone has written:
    "I do object to your equating Hinduism with witchcraft & other pagan religions. There is nothings like Vedas, Vedanta or enlightenment in those religions..."
    , I have decided to open a discussion on the Ancient Egyptian Religion, with the goal to show the strong bonds of this Ancient Religion with the Eternal Dharma...
    In fact in the sacred texts it is said that Narada Muni was born in Plaksha Dvipa, that according to the researchers it corresponds to the Mediterraneans countries..

    " THE LITANY OF RA.

    Title: The beginning of the book of the worship of RA in the Ament(Ament or Amentet means "hidden land",or rather the Realm of Dead).... When any one reads this book, the porcelain figures are placed upon the ground, at the hour of the setting of the Sun, that is of the triumph of RA over his enemies in the Ament. Who is intelligent upon the earth, he is intelligent also after his death.

    1 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme Power, the Master of the hidden spheres Who causes the principles to arise, Who dwells in darkness, Who is born as (under the form of) the All Surrounding Universe.

    2 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the beetle that folds his wings, that rests in the empyrean, that is born as his own son.

    3 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme Power,... Who produces His members, Who fashions what is in Him, Who is born within His sphere.

    4 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme Power, He who discloses the earth and lights the Ament, He whose principle has (become) His manifestation, and Who is born under the form of the God with the large disk.

    5 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme Power, the Soul that speaks, that rests upon Her high place, that creates the hidden intellects which are developed in Her.

    6 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme Power, the only one, the courageous one, Who fashions his body, He who calls his Gods (to life), when He arrives in his hidden sphere.

    7 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme Power, He who addresses His eye, and Who speaks to himself, He who imparts the breath of life to the souls (that are) in their place ; they receive it and develop.

    8 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme Power, the Spirit that walks, that destroys its enemies, that sends pain to the rebels.

    9 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme Power, He Who shines when He is in his sphere, Who sends his darkness into his sphere, and Who hides what it contains.

    10 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme Power, He who lights the bodies which are on the horizon, He who enters his sphere.

    11 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme Power, He who descends into the spheres of Ament, His form is that of ATUM.

    12 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who descends into the mysteries of ANUBIS, his form is that of CHEPRA.

    13 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he whose body is so large that it hides his shape, his form is that of SHU.

    14 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who leads RA into his members, his form is that of TEFNUT.

    15 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who sends forth the plants in their season...

    16 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the great one who rules what is in him, his form is that of NUT( the Goddess of Night ).

    17 Homage to Thee, RA! Supreme power, he who goes always towards him who precedes him, his form is that of Isis.

    18 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he whose head shines more than he who is before him, his form is that of NEPHTHYS.

    19 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the urn(or the crater) of the creatures, the only one, that unites the generative substances, its form is that of HORUS.

    20 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the brilliant one who shines in the waters of the inundation, his form is that of NUN (the God of the primordial water).

    21 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who creates the water which comes from within him...

    22 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the two vipers that bear their two feathers, their form is that of the impure one.

    23 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who enters and comes forth continually from his highly mysterious cavern...

    24 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the spirit that causes his disappearance...

    25 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the spirit that sets up (those whom he has created), that creates his descendants...

    26 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who raised his head and who lifts his forehead, the ram, the greatest of the creatures.

    27 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the light that is in the underworld regions, its form is that of Ament.

    28 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the penetrating spirit who is in the Ament, his form is that of KERTI( the God of the spheres).

    29 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the timid one who sheds tears, his form is that of the afflicted.

    30 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who raises his hand and who glorifies his eye, his form is that of the god with the hidden body.

    31 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the spirit who is raised upon the two mysterious horizons, his form is that of CHENTAMENT (a title of Osiris: "He who resides in the Underworld).

    32 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the god with the numerous shapes in the sacred dwelling, his form is that of the beetle.

    33 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who puts his enemies into their prison, his form is that of the lion.

    34 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the ray of light in his sarcophagus, its form is that of the progenitor.

    35 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the covering of the body...

    36 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who calls the bodies into the empyrean, and they develop, who destroys their venom, his form is that of the transformer.

    37 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the being with the mysterious face, who makes the divine eye move...

    38 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the supremely great one who embraces the empyrean, his form is that of the spirit who embraces (space).

    39 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who hides his body within himself, his form is that of the god with the hidden body.

    40 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who is more courageous than those who surround him, who sends fire into the place of destruction, his form is that of the burning one.

    41 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who sends destruction, and who causes the development of his body, in the empyrean, his form is that of the inhabitant of the empyrean.

    42 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the wonderful one who dwells in his eye who lights the sarcophagus, his form is that of SHEPI("the Splendid-One)."

    43 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who unites the substances,... his form is that of one who joins substances.

    44 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who creates secret things, and who begets bodies, his form is that of the invisible progenitor.

    45 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who furnishes the inhabitants of the empyrean with funeral things, when he enters the hidden spheres...

    46 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, his members rejoice when they see his body, the blessed spirit who enters into him, his form is that of the joyful one.

    47 Homage to Thee, RA ! Supreme power, the adult who dilates his eyeball, and who fills his eye, his form is that of the adult.

    48 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who makes the roads in the empyrean, and who opens pathways in the sarcophagus, his form is that of the God who makes the roads.

    49 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the moving spirit who makes his legs stir, his form is that of the moving one.

    50 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who sends forth the stars and who makes the night light, in the sphere of the hidden essences, his form is that of the shining one.

    51 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who makes the spheres and who creates bodies ; from thy person emanating from itself alone, thou hast sent forth, RA, those who are and those who are not, the Dead, the Gods, the Intellects ; his form is that of creator of bodies.

    52 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the mysterious, the hidden one, he whom the spirits follow as he conducts them, he gives the step to those surrounding him...

    53 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the horn, the pillar of the Ament, the lock of hair that shines in..., its form is that of the horn.

    54 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the eternal essence who penetrates the empyrean, who praises the spirits in their spheres, his form is that of the eternal essence.

    55 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, when he arrives in the good Ament, the spirits of the empyrean rejoice at sight of him, his form is that of the old man.

    56 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the great lion that creates the gods, that weighs words, the chief of the powers inhabiting the holy sphere, his form is that of the great lion.

    57 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, when he speaks to his eye and when he addresses his eyeball, the bodies shed tears ; his form is that of the being who speaks to his eye.

    58 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who raises his soul, and who hides his body, he shines and he sees his mysteries, his form is that of HER-BA("He who raises his soul").

    59 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the high spirit who hunts his enemies, who sends fire upon the rebels, his form is that of "the High Spirit"

    60 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the substance which hides the intestines and which possesses the mind and the limbs...

    61 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the Great eldest one who dwells in the empyrean, CHEPRI who becomes two children, his form is that of the two children.

    62 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the great walker who goes over the same course, the spirit who anoints the body, SENEKHER, his form is that of SENEKHER("the Shining Face").

    63 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who creates his body and who detaches his members by the sacred flame..., his form is that of the flame...

    64 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the master of the hooks (who struggles) against his enemies, the only one, the master of the monkeys...

    65 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who sends the flames into his furnaces, he who cuts off the head of those who are in the infernal regions, his form is that of the god of the furnace.

    66 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the parent who destroys his children, the only one who names(=creates,fashions) the earth by his intelligence...

    67 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who sets up the urshi( the gods of the watches of the night) themselves upon their foundations, no one sees their mysteries, his form is that of the urshi.

    68 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the vessel of heaven, the door of the empyrean, he who makes the mummy come forth...

    69 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the monkey..., the being in his nature, his form is that of the monkey of the empyrean.

    70 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who opens the earth and who shews the interior of it, the speaking spirit who names his members...

    71 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, he who is armed with teeth, who consumes his enemies, the flame that lights the wick...

    72 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the walker, the moving luminary, who makes darkness come after his light, his form is that of the walker.

    73 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the Master of souls who is in his obelisk, the chief of the confined gods, his form is that of the master of souls.

    74 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the double luminary, the double obelisk, the great god who raises his two eyes, his form is that of the double luminary.

    75 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, the Master of the light, who reveals hidden things, the spirit who speaks to the Gods in their spheres, his form is that of the Master of the light.

    76 Homage to thee, RA ! Supreme power, O RA of the sphere, O RA who speakest to the spheres, O RA who art in thy sphere, homage to thee RA...
    They sing praises, the spheres honour his spirit, they glorify thy body which is in thee,...They sing praises in thy honour...in thy 75 forms which are in thy 75 spheres.
    The royal OSIRIS( the dead king identified with Osiris) knows them by their names, he knows what is in their bodies, all their hidden essences. The royal OSIRIS speaks to them in their forms, they open to the royal OSIRIS, they display the hidden doors to his spirit which is like thy spirit, thou createst them, thou createst the royal OSIRIS; the development of his body is like thine because the royal OSIRIS is one of thy companions, who are in their spheres, and who speak in their caverns, those who are blessed through thy creation and who transform themselves when thou commandest it. The royal OSIRIS is like one of those who speak in their hidden spheres. Ha ! he has arrived, he advances in the train of the spirit of RA...
    Hail ! He has arrived. The royal OSIRIS knows all that concerns the hidden beings. Hail ! he has arrived in the midst of
    you ; homage to his spirit......
    These words are written like those upon the two sides of the door of the empyrean... "

    If someone wants to do parallel with the Hinduism I would be very happy with this...or questions for explanations about the Egyptian Gods,etc....

    A note:
    The chief cult centre of Ra first was based in Heliopolis (ancient Inunu) meaning "City of the Sun", now buried under the Cairo...

    Great Salutations,
    Tyrannos

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    Re: Ancient Egyptian Religion

    hari oṁ
    ~~~~~~

    Namaste
    From a sanskrit ( some write saṁskṛta or sansktam- to perfect or polish) this ra is interesting:

    this ra as a noun is splendor or light; रा - is to grant , give , bestow , impart , yield , surrender ; also amorous play ; ra is giving / bestowing and its root is , just mentioned.
    ram रम् - is to delight , make happy, to be glad or pleased.
    rāma राम (Śrī Rām) - pleasing , pleasant , charming , lovely , beautiful; We know rāma as an avatāra of viṣṇu and is also known as Śrī rāma-candra
    ramā रमा is another name of Śrī Lakśmi (लक्ष्मी), the goddess of fortune

    Ra is also considered the bīja (seed) sound of agni. We can see how ra becomes associated with agni as splendor, light, etc. of the light or flame of fire. Yet agni is much more ( as we know) , this agni represents Divine Will.

    pranams
    Last edited by yajvan; 30 November 2008 at 11:29 AM.
    यतस्त्वं शिवसमोऽसि
    yatastvaṁ śivasamo'si
    because you are identical with śiva

    _

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    Re: Ancient Egyptian Religion

    Namaste Tyrannos,

    You are doing a fine job. Thank you for that. My only request for you, however, is to look a bit farther and discover that there is no division, that the scriptures are all facets of one sanatana dharma.

    If sanatana dharma was really sanatana, then it could not have been overtaken and replaced.

    Om
    That which is without letters (parts) is the Fourth, beyond apprehension through ordinary means, the cessation of the phenomenal world, the auspicious and the non-dual. Thus Om is certainly the Self. He who knows thus enters the Self by the Self.

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    Re: Ancient Egyptian Religion

    Namaste Tyrannos,

    I must give you credit for your knowledge of ancient religions. I also agree that there are teachings like "Advait" in those scriptures. This is a welcome input. Thank you !

    You have every right to feel angry over whatever crime was committed by the Christians in the name of religion. However, it never serves any purpose to carry the anger from one generation to the other. Moreover, when we talk of an era thousands of years ago, there may be many myths mixed with reality. Who knows what exactly happened at that time ? Let's concentrate on today's reality. You have very good knowledge of the history & scriptures of various religions. Please use it to bring people together. There is already too much pains here in this life. Why put oil to fire ?

    The Hindus pray :

    "Sarve Bhavantu Sukhinah,
    Sarve Santu Niramayah,
    Sarve Bhadrani pashyantu,
    Ma Kashchit dukhbhagbhawet. "

    [May all be happy. May all be healthy. May we see good in all. May no one suffer from pains.]

    OM
    "Om Namo Bhagvate Vaasudevaye"

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    Re: Ancient Egyptian Religion

    Quote Originally Posted by yajvan View Post
    hari oṁ
    ~~~~~~

    Namaste
    From a sanskrit ( some write saṁskṛta or sansktam- to perfect or polish) this ra is interesting:

    this ra as a noun is splendor or light; रा - is to grant , give , bestow , impart , yield , surrender ; also amorous play ; ra is giving / bestowing and its root is , just mentioned.
    ram रम् - is to delight , make happy, to be glad or pleased.
    rāma राम (Śrī Rām) - pleasing , pleasant , charming , lovely , beautiful; We know rāma as an avatāra of viṣṇu and is also known as Śrī rāma-candra
    ramā रमा is another name of Śrī Lakśmi (लक्ष्मी), the goddess of fortune

    Ra is also considered the bīja (seed) sound of agni. We can see how ra becomes associated with agni as splendor, light, etc. of the light or flame of fire. Yet agni is much more ( as we know) , this agni represents Divine Will.

    pranams
    This is of great interest. I thank you very much!!!

    I also thank Atanu and Devotee!!!
    I also agree that there are teachings like "Advait" in those scriptures. This is a welcome input.

    Since you have shown interest, these are two other texts:


    THE PAPYRUS OF ANI: A HYMN OF PRAISE TO RA WHEN HE RISETH IN THE EASTERN PART OF HEAVEN
    Homage to Thee, O Thou who hast come as Khepera, Khepera the creator of the Gods, Thou art seated on Thy throne, Thou risest up in the sky, illumining Thy mother [Nut, Goddess of Night], Thou art seated on Thy throne as the King of the Gods. [Thy] mother Nut stretcheth out Her hands, and performeth an act of homage to Thee. The domain of Manu receiveth Thee with satisfaction. The Goddess Maat (the Goddess of Eternal Law) embraceth Thee at the two seasons of the day. May Ra give glory, and power, and thruth-speaking, and the appearance as a living soul so that He may gaze upon Heru-khuti,
    to the KA of the Osiris the Scribe Ani, who speaketh truth before Osiris, and who saith: Hail, O all ye Gods of the House of the Soul, who weigh heaven and earth in a balance, and who give celestial food [to the dead]. Hail, Tatun, [who art] One, thou creator of mortals [and] of the Companies of the Gods of the South and of the North, of the West and of the East, ascribe ye praise to Ra, the lord of heaven, the KING, Life, Strength, and Health, the maker of the Gods. Give ye thanks unto him in his beneficent form which is enthroned in the Atett Boat; Beings Celestial praise Thee, beings terrestial praise Thee. Thoth and the Goddess Maat mark out Thy course for Thee day by day and every day. Thine enemy hath been given over to the fire. The ...fiend ... hath fallen headlong, his forelegs are bound in chains, and his hind legs hath Ra carried away from him. The Sons of Revolt shall never more rise up. The House of the Aged One keepeth festival, and the voices of those who make merry are in the Great Place. The Gods rejoice when they see Ra crowned upon His throne, and when His beams flood the world with light. The majesty of this holy God setteth out on His journey, and He goeth onwards until He reacheth the land of Manu; the earth becometh light at his birth each day; he proceedeth until he reacheth the place where he was yesterday...

    NEKHT, THE CAPTAIN OF SOLDIERS, THE ROYAL SCRIBE, SINGETH A HYMN OF PRAISE TO RA, and saith:-
    Homage to Thee, O Thou glorious Being, Thou who art dowered [with all sovereignty]. O Tem-Heru-Khuti (Tem-Harmakhis), when Thou risest in the horizon of heaven a cry of joy goeth forth to thee from all people. O Thou beautiful Being, Thou dost renew Thyself in Thy season in the form of the Disk, within thy mother Hathor. Therefore in every place every heart swelleth with joy at Thy rising for ever. The regions of the South and the North come to Thee with homage, and send forth acclamations at Thy rising on the horizon of heaven, and Thou illuminest the Two Lands with rays of turquoise-[coloured] light. O Ra, who art Heru-Khuti, the divine man-child, the heir of eternity, self-begotten and self-born, king of the earth, prince of the Tuat (the Other World), governor of Aukert, thou didst come from the Water-god, thou didst spring from the Sky-god Nu, who doth cherish Thee and order Thy members. O Thou god of life, Thou lord of love, all men live when Thou shinest; Thou art crowned King of the Gods. The Goddess Nut embraceth Thee, and the Goddess Mut enfoldeth Thee at all seasons. Those who are in thy following sing unto thee with joy, and they bow down their foreheads to the earth when they meet Thee, the lord of heaven, the lord of the earth, the King of Truth, the lord of eternity, the prince of everlastingness, Thou sovereign of all the Gods, Thou God of life, Thou creator of eternity, Thou maker of heaven wherin Thou art firmly stablished.
    The Company of the Gods rejoice at Thy rising, the earth is glad when it beholdeth Thy rays; the people who have been long dead come forth with cries of joy to behold Thy beauties every day. Thou goest forth each day over heaven and earth, and Thou art made strong each day be Thy mother Nut. Thou passest over the heights of heaven, Thy heart swelleth with joy; and the Lake of Testes (the Great Oasis) is content thereat. The ...fiend... hath fallen, his arms are hewn off, the Knife hath severed his joints. Ra liveth by Maat (Law), the beautiful! The Sektet Boat advanceth and cometh into port. The South and the North, and the West and East, turn to praise Thee. O Thou First, Great God (PAUTA), who didst come into being of Thine own accord, Isis and Nephthys salute thee, They sing unto thee songs of joy at Thy rising in the boat, They stretch out Their hands unto Thee. The Souls of the East follow Thee, and the Souls of the West praise Thee. Thou art the Ruler of all the Gods. Thou in Thy shrine hast joy, for the ...fiend...hath been judged by the fire, and Thy heart shall rejoice for ever. Thy mother Nut is esteemed by Thy father Nu.


    One last thing: I have read that the River Nile in Egypt is identified with River Krishnaa mentioned in the Sacred Texts:someone knows something more specific in this regard?


    Great Salutation,
    Tyrannos

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    Re: Ancient Egyptian Religion

    Hail!!!
    This is another text of worship of the God Ra:
    Significance of the names:
    Harmachis is the God "Horus rising over the horizon";
    The God Amon is "The Hidden-One";

    "Hymn to Amon - Ra - Harmachis
    ADORATION to RA-HARMACHIS at the front of the morning.
    Say:
    Thou wakest beauteous AMEN-RA-HARMACHIS, thou watchest in triumph, AMEN-RA, Lord of the horizon.
    Blessed one beaming in splendour, towed by thy mariners who are of the unresting Gods, sped by thy mariners of the unmoving Gods.
    Thou comest forth, thou ascendest, thou towerest in beauty, thy barge divine careers wherein thou speedest, blest by thy mother NUT each day, heaven embraces thee, thy foes fall as thou turnest thy face to the West of heaven.
    Counted are thy bones, collected thy limbs, living thy flesh, thy members blossom, thy soul blossoms, glorified is thy august form, advanced thy state on the road of darkness.
    Thou listenest to the call of thy attendant Gods behind thy chamber; in gladness are the mariners of thy bark, their heart delighted, Lord of heaven who hast brought joys to the divine Chiefs, the lower sky rejoices, Gods and men exult applauding RA on his standard, blest by his mother
    NUT ; their heart is glad. RA hath quelled his impious foes, heaven rejoices, earth is in delight, Gods and Goddesses are in festival to make adoration to RA-HoR, as they see him rise in his bark. He fells the wicked in his season, the abode is inviolate, the diadem mehen in its place, the ureus hath smitten the wicked.
    O let thy mother NUT embrace thee, Lord RA, those who are with her tell thy glories.
    OSIRIS and NEPHTHYS have uplifted thee at thy coming forth from the womb of thy mother NUT.
    O shine RA-HARMACHIS, shine in thy morning as thy noonday brightness, thy cause upheld over thy enemies, thou makest thy cabin speed onward, thou repellest the false one in the moment of his annihilation: he has no rest in the moment when thou breakest the strength of the wicked enemies of RA, to cast him into the fire of Nehaher("the Ghastly-faced"), encircling in its hour the children of the profane. No strength have they, RA prevails over his insensate foes, yea, putting them to the sword thou
    makest the false one cast up what he devoured.
    Arise O RA from within thy chamber, strong is RA, weak the foes : lofty is RA, down-stricken the foes : RA living, his foes dead : RA full of meat and drink, his foes a-hungered and athirst :
    RA bright, his foes engulfed : RA good, his foes evil : RA mighty, his foes puny : RA hath despoiled Apep.
    O RA thou givest all life to the King, thou givest food for his mouth, drink for his throat, sweet oil for his hair. Blessed RA-HARMACHIS thou careerest by him in triumph, those in thy bark exult to quell and overthrow the wicked. Cries of joy in the great seat, the divine cabin is in gladness, acclamation in the bark of millions of years. RA's sailors are charmed at heart to see RA hailed as supreme of the order of Great Gods, they gain delight in doing adoration to the great bark, homage in the mysterious chamber.
    O shine AMEN-RA-HARMACHIS self-sprung, thy sister Goddesses stand in Bech,they receive thee, they uplift thee into thy bark, which is perfect in delights before Lord RA, thou begettest blessings. Come RA, self-sprung, thou lettest PHARAOH receive plenty in his battlemented house, on the altar of the God whose name is hidden.
    Glory to thee, Prince coming forth in thy season, Lord of many faces, diadem producing rays, scattering darkness, all roads are filled with thy splendours, apes make to thee salutations with their arms, they praise thee, they cry aloud to thee, they tell thy glories, their lips exalt
    thee in heaven, in earth ; they conduct thee at thy splendid arising, they open or drive back the gate of the Western horizon of heaven, they let RA be embraced in peace and joy by his mother NUT; thy soul is approved by the tenants of the lower heaven, the divine spirits rejoice at
    the twofold season of brightness : thou turnest gloom into repose, thou sweetenest pain of OSIRIS, thou givest breezes in the valley, illuminest earth in darkness, sweetenest pain of OSIRIS. All beings taste the breath, they make to thee acclamations in thy changes, thou who art Lord of changes, they give adoration to thy might in thy forms of beauty in the morn. Gods hold their arms to thee, those whom thy mother NUT bore.
    Come to the King O RA, stablish his glories in heaven,his might on earth.
    O RA heaven rejoices to thee, O RA earth trembles at thee, O blessed RA-HARMACHIS thou hast raised heaven to elevate thy soul, the lower sky has hidden thee in thy mystic forms. Thou hast uplifted heaven to the expanse of thy outstretched arms, thou hast spread out earth to the width of thy stride. Heaven rejoices to thee at thy greatness of soul, thy terror fills earth at thy figure, princely hawk of glittering plume, many coloured frame, mighty sailor God, self-existing, traversing paths in the divine vessel, thou roarest -in smiting thy foes, making thy great bark sweep on, men hail thee, Gods fear thee, thou hast felled thy foes before it. Courier of heaven outstript by none, to illumine earth for his children, uplifted above Gods and men, shining upon us ; we know not thy form when thou lookest on our faces, thy bulk passes our knowledge.
    O blessed RA-HARMACHIS, thou penetrates... ,Bull at night, Chieftain by day, beauteous orb of mafek, King of heaven, Sovran of earth, great image in the horizon of heaven. RA who hast made beings, TATANEN giving life to mankind, PHARAOH son of RA has adored thee in thy glories, he has worshipped at thy gracious rising brightness on the Eastern horizon, he makes tranquil thy path, he beats down thy foes before thee in his turning back all thy adversaries, he assigned to thee the Uta on her seat, he makes them .... he assigned to thee honours .... he cleared the way for thee, he established thy rites in Abydos ; he opens to thee roads in Rusta, he beats down the unrighteous."

    Here you can see an image of the God Ra:


    Tyrannos

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    Re: Ancient Egyptian Religion

    Hail!!!
    This is a hymn in honor of the Almighty Goddess Isis;

    "Giver of wealth, Queen of the Gods, Lady Hermouthis,
    Ruler of All, Good Fortune, Isis of the Great Name,
    exalted Deo, Discoverer of all life,
    You put Your hand to mighty works of all kinds, so as to give
    life and an ordered society to all mankind,
    You introduced laws so that there might be a measure of justice,
    You revealed sciences so that men might live decently,
    You discovered the flowering nature of all fruitful plants.
    For You the sky came into being, the whole earth,
    the breath of the breezes, the Sun with its welcome radiance.
    By Your power the streams of the Nile are all filled full
    at the summer season, and its water pours turbulent
    over the whole land so that the crop may never fail.
    All mortals who live on the limitless earth,
    Thracians, Greeks, and foreigners as well,
    utter Your Glorious Name which all honor,
    each in his own language, each in his own land.
    Syrians call You Astarte, Artemis, Nanaea,
    the tribes of Lycia call you Queen Leto,
    men in Thrace call you Mother of the Gods,
    Greeks call you Hera of the lofty throne, and Aphrodite,
    kindly Hestia, Rheia, and Demeter.
    Egyptians call you Thiouis because You, being One, are all
    the other goddesses named by all peoples.
    My Lady, I shall not stop hymning your Mighty Power,
    Immortal Saviour, Goddess of the many names, Almighty Isis,
    rescuing from war cities and all of their citizens,
    men, their wives, possessions and dear children.
    All who are held in the destiny of Death, all in bondage,
    all who are racked with pain which will not let them sleep,
    all men journeying in a foreign country,
    all who sail on the great sea in stormy weather,
    when ships are wrecked and men lose their lives
    all these find salvation if they pray for Your present help.
    Hear my prayers, You whose Name has Mighty Power..."



    Tyrannos

  8. #8
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    Re: Ancient Egyptian Religion

    Hail!!!

    I post you this Hymn in honor of the Almighty Goddess Isis:


    "The Arethalogy of Isis:
    I am Isis, ruler of every land
    I was taught by Hermes (Thoth) and with Hermes devised
    letters, both hieroglyphic and demotic, that all might not
    be written with the same.
    I gave laws to mankind and ordained
    what no one can change
    I am the eldest daughter of Kronos
    I am the wife and sister of King Osiris
    I am the one who discovered wheat for mankind
    I am the mother of King Horus
    I am the one who rises in the Dog-star(the Star Syrius)
    I am the one called Goddess by women
    For me was built the city of Bubastis
    I separated the earth from the Heaven
    I showed the paths of the stars
    I regulated the course of the sun and the moon
    I devised the activities of seamanship
    I made what is right strong
    I brought together woman and man
    I assigned to women to bring into
    light of day their infants
    in the tenth month
    I ordained that parents should be loved by children
    I imposed punishment upon those unkindly disposed
    towards their parents
    I with my brother Osiris put an end to cannibalism
    I taught men the initiation into mysteries
    I instructed them to revere images of the gods
    I established the sacred cult places of the gods
    I abolished the rules of the unrighteous
    I put an end to murders
    I compelled women to be loved by men
    I made the right stronger than gold and silver
    I ordained that the true should be considered good
    I devised marriage contracts
    I assigned to human beings their languages
    I made the justice and the unjustice to be distinguished by nature
    I made that nothing should be more fearful than an oath
    I have delivered him who unjustly plots against others into
    the hands of the one against whom he plotted
    I impose retribution upon those who do injustice
    I decreed that mercy be shown to suppliants
    O honor those who justly defend themselves
    With me the right has power
    I am the mistress of rivers and winds and sea
    No one is honored without my consent
    I am the Mistress of War
    I am the Mistress of the thunderbolt
    I calm the sea and make it surge
    I am in the rays of the sun
    I attend the sun in its journey
    What I decree, that is also accomplished
    All yield to me
    I set free those who are in bonds
    I am the Mistress of seamanship
    I make the navigable un-navigable, whenever I so decide
    I founded enclosure walls of the cities
    I am called the Lawgiver
    I brought up islands out of the depths into the light
    I am the Mistress of rain
    I conquer Destiny
    Destiny obeys me
    Hail, O Egypt, that nourished me!"


    Salutations,
    Tyrannos

  9. #9
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    Re: Ancient Egyptian Religion

    Namaste,

    Thanks for posting this Tyrannos. I realise I'm a bit late with this reply, but better late than never. I saw the title of this thread and I just had to look at what might be under discussion. The truth is I've always had a fascination with Ancient Egyptian mythology and religion. When I was still a child it was something of a passionate hobby of mine, reading books and watching any Hollywood film related to or with Ancient Egyptian history. It became something of an obsession almost as I eventually redecorated my entire bedroom under the theme of an Ancient Egyptian tomb (I have a picture if anyone is interested. ) I think it's quite a wonderful coincidence to actually find something related to it posted on HDF! As I have some experience of Egyptian mythology I thought I would share it with the rest of the board here. Kemetism, by the way, is the term used for a particular branch of spirituality dedicated in reviving the ancient Egyptian religion of the netjer (the gods).

    Ancient Egyptians had a very strong sense of opposites or a constant duality that worked in the universe (echoing the Shiva/Shakti concept maybe?). The good & evil concept did not exist as most people in the West would have understood it, because they believed both needed each other in order to exist. The concept of harmony, law and balance in the world was Ma'at (literally: truth), both a universal force that pervaded through the cosmos and personified by the Egyptians as a goddess of justice and righteousness. Could this be the Ancient Egyptian equivalent of Dharma? Ma'at can never be really clearly defined by historians as the Egyptians left very little writing on the exact nature of it. This was probably because the concept of Ma'at is assumed to be understood by everyone and that it should be lived by and experienced through, and not bound by any rigid understanding of it. There were however texts and maxims by the sages Ptahhotep (link here) and Amenemope (link here) on instructions for living correctly and through Ma'at. These texts, along with many others, could be compared to the codes of conduct given in the Vedas and Upanishads.

    Another striking feature of the religion of the Ancient Egyptians is the use of anthropomorphic deities. Gods and goddesses existed as full humans or as cat, jackal, falcon, crocodile, hippo, lion, frog, baboon, and even scarab-headed deities. I think it's an interesting comparison to the ways that different aspects of god have been depicted in Sanantan Dharma. As far as I can tell the Egyptians worshipped well over 3,000 gods and maybe even more than that if one were to consider various local country and village gods. Could this be again a similar concept the Egyptians had with the idea in Sanatana Dharma that the Supreme Being has many forms? As with many other ancient beliefs, some animals were elevated as being sacred to and beloved by the gods. The penalty in Ancient Egyptian times for killing a cat (even accidentally!) was the death penalty. This was the highest criminal penalty and considered a great blasphemy against the cat mother goddess, Bastet.

    One other feature I find I can compare some Ancient Egyptian beliefs with Hindu beliefs is the idea of the aspect of a deity. While the Egyptians were polytheists, certain gods of theirs had different aspects - I wouldn't quite say avatars as these were deities in their own rights, and could be interpretted and worshipped independently of their original archetype. Of all the examples I can remember, the most obvious one that comes to mind is the example of Mother Goddess which is extremely prevalent in Egyptian mythology. Her easily most popular and benevolent aspect was Isis (often shown nursing the infant god Horus), who became the role model for wives and mothers everywhere in Egypt. Another popular goddess was the cow goddess, Hathor, whose role as a deity of beauty, love and happiness was later passed onto cat goddess Bastet in later Egyptian history. Hathor/Bastet was believed to have an "angry" aspect, one that was destructive and terrifying. This goddess's name was Sekhmet (her name literally meant, 'The Powerful One') and she was supposed to be a very powerful manifestation of Ra's anger who was sent into the human world to devour men who had scorned and rebelled against Ra. Sekhmet was a particularly vicious goddess with a very bloodthirsty nature. The men who had risen up against Ra were repentant and begged Ra to stop her, but not even mighty Ra could pacify Sekhmet. It eventually took the intelligence of god Thoth to stop her from destroying the whole of creation. Forgive me for comparing, but I can't help but feel this is very similar to the idea of Goddess Kali being sent to combat the demons. Sekhmet is very similar in nature and in power to Goddess Kali -worshippers of the lion goddess would have loved and feared her as much as they feared Seth. She was sent into the world by Ra and was seen as a manifestation of all his divine anger much like Goddess Kali and Durga are seen as the feminine powers behind the gods. In this legend man was supposedly rebelling against Ra in his pride and egotism, traits which Goddess Kali can destroy like Sekhmet. And just like Goddess Kali, Sekhmet nearly destroys everything in her wild bloodlust and anger and is only stopped by Thoth (Lord Shiva in Kali's case). When I first looked at the story of how Goddesses Kali was sent to destroy Raktabija, I thought how remarkably similar it seemed to the story of the fire-breathing goddess Sekhmet, also called the Eye of Ra.

    I'll add more information to this thread later maybe when I come across a few more interesting points for discussion.
    "Watch your thoughts, they become words.
    Watch your words, they become actions.
    Watch your actions, they become habits.
    Watch your habits, they become your character.
    Watch your character, it becomes your destiny."

    ॐ गं गणपतये नमः
    Om Gam Ganapataye namah

    लोकाः समस्ताः सुखिनो भवन्तु ।
    Lokaah SamastaaH Sukhino Bhavantu

  10. #10
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    Re: Ancient Egyptian Religion

    Namaste,

    A few more topics I thought I could mention on Ancient Egyptian religion and how it could relate to some philosophical and religious beliefs in Sanatana Dharma.

    I have already given information on the Ancient Egyptian belief of Ma'at (Dharma). Criminals, thieves and the very immoral would have still held this belief. Their religious beliefs were based on dualist philosophy, and just as the force of good needs to exist to combat the force evil, so too did the forces of chaos need to exist in order for their to be order (ma'at). They saw the necessity in having a perfect balance between these polar opposites in the world.

    Another point I thought I would share is the Ancient Egyptian belief of the soul. They believed the individual consisted of 5 essential parts: the ka (life-force), the ba (the personality/soul), the akh (the spirit as it exists beyond death), a person's name and the shadow. I think it is interesting to note how close the Egyptian idea of the ka comes to the concept of prana, chi or breath in the Vedic school of thought. The ka is the force that separates the living from the dead. It is believed to come existence at the time of the birth of an individual when it is shaped by the potter god, Khnum. It is kind of ethereal duplicate to the human body which exists in a subtler state of energy. When death comes, the ka goes and leaves the body, similar to the concept of prana.

    However, that's where the similarities between Vedic and Egyptian thought start to end on the nature of life-force. Egyptians believed very strongly in ritual for a successful reanimation of the body, and they believed the ka needed food and water just as a human body did so it could survive and re-enter the body. This is why mummification existed in Egypt. As you can see, Egyptians were very body-conscious individuals, but in the religious sense. They ardently believed spells from the Book of the Dead would reanimate them so these sacred texts were placed inside their tombs along with all the possessions they thought they would need in the afterlife.

    Oh, and did you know that the Egyptians believed you needed to be intact at death in order to continue onto the afterlife? One of the worst curses you could put on a person was to cut up all their body pieces and scatter them far from each other so they could never come back together to reanimate. If you were in Ancient Egypt, it meant the end of any possibility of happiness in the afterlife. You'd wander around as a disjointed spirit for eternity. Just some useless trivia I thought I'd share there. If I have any more interesting facts, I'll continue posting them here.
    "Watch your thoughts, they become words.
    Watch your words, they become actions.
    Watch your actions, they become habits.
    Watch your habits, they become your character.
    Watch your character, it becomes your destiny."

    ॐ गं गणपतये नमः
    Om Gam Ganapataye namah

    लोकाः समस्ताः सुखिनो भवन्तु ।
    Lokaah SamastaaH Sukhino Bhavantu

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